////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Copyright (C) 1996-2025 The Octave Project Developers
//
// See the file COPYRIGHT.md in the top-level directory of this
// distribution or <https://octave.org/copyright/>.
//
// This file is part of Octave.
//
// Octave is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
// under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
// WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with Octave; see the file COPYING.  If not, see
// <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
//
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

/*

The functions listed below were adapted from a similar functions
from GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell, copyright (C) 1987, 1989, 1991
Free Software Foundation, Inc.

  octave::sys::env::do_absolute_pathname
  octave::sys::env::do_base_pathname
  octave::sys::env::do_chdir
  octave::sys::env::do_getcwd
  octave::sys::env::do_make_absolute
  octave::sys::env::do_polite_directory_format
  octave::sys::env::pathname_backup

*/

#if defined (HAVE_CONFIG_H)
#  include "config.h"
#endif

#include <cctype>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>

#include <string>

#include "file-ops.h"
#include "lo-error.h"
#include "lo-sysdep.h"
#include "lo-utils.h"
#include "oct-env.h"
#include "oct-password.h"
#include "oct-syscalls.h"
#include "set-program-name-wrapper.h"
#include "singleton-cleanup.h"
#include "unistd-wrappers.h"

#if defined (OCTAVE_USE_WINDOWS_API)
#  include <windows.h>
#  include <shlobj.h>
#endif

OCTAVE_BEGIN_NAMESPACE(octave)

OCTAVE_BEGIN_NAMESPACE(sys)

env::env ()
  : m_follow_symbolic_links (true), m_verbatim_pwd (true),
    m_current_directory (), m_prog_name (), m_prog_invocation_name (),
    m_user_name (), m_host_name ()
{
  // Get a real value for the current directory.
  do_getcwd ();

  // Etc.
  do_get_user_name ();

  do_get_host_name ();
}

env *env::s_instance = nullptr;

bool
env::instance_ok ()
{
  bool retval = true;

  if (! s_instance)
    {
      s_instance = new env ();
      singleton_cleanup_list::add (cleanup_instance);
    }

  return retval;
}

std::string
env::polite_directory_format (const std::string& name)
{
  return (instance_ok ())
         ? s_instance->do_polite_directory_format (name) : "";
}

bool
env::absolute_pathname (const std::string& s)
{
  return (instance_ok ())
         ? s_instance->do_absolute_pathname (s) : false;
}

bool
env::rooted_relative_pathname (const std::string& s)
{
  return (instance_ok ())
         ? s_instance->do_rooted_relative_pathname (s) : false;
}

std::string
env::base_pathname (const std::string& s)
{
  return (instance_ok ())
         ? s_instance->do_base_pathname (s) : "";
}

std::string
env::make_absolute (const std::string& s, const std::string& dot_path)
{
  return (instance_ok ())
         ? s_instance->do_make_absolute (s, dot_path) : "";
}

std::string
env::get_current_directory ()
{
  return (instance_ok ())
         ? s_instance->do_getcwd () : "";
}

std::string
env::get_home_directory ()
{
  return (instance_ok ())
         ? s_instance->do_get_home_directory () : "";
}

std::string
env::get_temp_directory ()
{
  return (instance_ok ())
         ? s_instance->do_get_temp_directory () : "";
}

std::string
env::get_user_config_directory ()
{
  return (instance_ok ())
         ? s_instance->do_get_user_config_directory () : "";
}

std::string
env::get_user_data_directory ()
{
  return (instance_ok ())
         ? s_instance->do_get_user_data_directory () : "";
}

std::string
env::get_program_name ()
{
  return (instance_ok ())
         ? s_instance->m_prog_name : "";
}

std::string
env::get_program_invocation_name ()
{
  return (instance_ok ())
         ? s_instance->m_prog_invocation_name : "";
}

void
env::set_program_name (const std::string& s)
{
  if (instance_ok ())
    s_instance->do_set_program_name (s);
}

std::string
env::get_user_name ()
{
  return (instance_ok ())
         ? s_instance->do_get_user_name () : "";
}

std::string
env::get_host_name ()
{
  return (instance_ok ())
         ? s_instance->do_get_host_name () : "";
}

std::string
env::do_get_temp_directory () const
{
  std::string tempd = do_getenv ("TMPDIR");

#if defined (__MINGW32__) || defined (_MSC_VER)

  if (tempd.empty ())
    tempd = do_getenv ("TEMP");

  if (tempd.empty ())
    tempd = do_getenv ("TMP");

#if defined (P_tmpdir)
  if (tempd.empty ())
    tempd = P_tmpdir;
#endif

  // Some versions of MinGW and MSVC either don't define P_tmpdir, or
  // define it to a single backslash.  In such cases just use C:\temp.
  if (tempd.empty () || tempd == R"(\)")
    tempd = R"(c:\temp)";

#else

  if (tempd.empty ())
    tempd = do_getenv ("TMP");

#if defined (P_tmpdir)
  if (tempd.empty ())
    tempd = P_tmpdir;
#else
  if (tempd.empty ())
    tempd = "/tmp";
#endif

#endif

  return tempd;
}

std::string
env::do_get_user_config_directory ()
{
  std::string cfg_dir;

#if defined (OCTAVE_HAVE_WINDOWS_FILESYSTEM) && defined (OCTAVE_USE_WINDOWS_API)
  wchar_t path[MAX_PATH+1];
  if (SHGetFolderPathW (nullptr, CSIDL_APPDATA | CSIDL_FLAG_DONT_VERIFY,
                        nullptr, SHGFP_TYPE_CURRENT, path) == S_OK)
    cfg_dir = u8_from_wstring (path);
#else
  cfg_dir = do_getenv ("XDG_CONFIG_HOME");
#endif

  if (cfg_dir.empty ())
    cfg_dir = do_get_home_directory () + sys::file_ops::dir_sep_str ()
              + ".config";

  return cfg_dir;
}

std::string
env::do_get_user_data_directory ()
{
  std::string data_dir;

#if defined (OCTAVE_HAVE_WINDOWS_FILESYSTEM) && defined (OCTAVE_USE_WINDOWS_API)
  wchar_t path[MAX_PATH+1];
  if (SHGetFolderPathW (nullptr, CSIDL_APPDATA | CSIDL_FLAG_DONT_VERIFY,
                        nullptr, SHGFP_TYPE_CURRENT, path) == S_OK)
    data_dir = u8_from_wstring (path);
#else
  data_dir = do_getenv ("XDG_DATA_HOME");
#endif

  if (data_dir.empty ())
    data_dir = do_get_home_directory () + sys::file_ops::dir_sep_str ()
               + ".local" + sys::file_ops::dir_sep_str () + "share";

  return data_dir;
}


// FIXME: this leaves no way to distinguish between a
// variable that is not set and one that is set to the empty string.
// Is this a problem?

std::string
env::getenv (const std::string& name)
{
  return (instance_ok ())
         ? s_instance->do_getenv (name) : "";
}

bool
env::isenv (const std::string& name)
{
  return isenv_wrapper (name);
}

void
env::putenv (const std::string& name, const std::string& value)
{
  putenv_wrapper (name, value);
}

bool
env::have_x11_display ()
{
  std::string display = getenv ("DISPLAY");

  return ! display.empty ();
}

bool
env::chdir (const std::string& newdir)
{
  return (instance_ok ())
         ? s_instance->do_chdir (newdir) : false;
}

void
env::do_set_program_name (const std::string& s)
{
  static bool initialized = false;

  if (! initialized)
    {
      // octave_set_program_name_wrapper returns a cleaned up
      // version of the program name (stripping libtool's "lt-"
      // prefix, for example).

      // The string passed to gnulib's ::set_program_name function must
      // exist for the duration of the program so allocate a copy here
      // instead of passing S.c_str () which only exists as long as the
      // string object S.

      m_prog_invocation_name
        = octave_set_program_name_wrapper (strsave (s.c_str ()));

      std::size_t pos
        = m_prog_invocation_name.find_last_of (sys::file_ops::dir_sep_chars ());

      // Also keep a shortened version of the program name.
      m_prog_name = (pos == std::string::npos
                     ? m_prog_invocation_name
                     : m_prog_invocation_name.substr (pos+1));

      initialized = true;
    }
}

// Return a pretty pathname.  If the first part of the pathname is the
// same as $HOME, then replace that with '~'.

std::string
env::do_polite_directory_format (const std::string& name)
{
  std::string retval;

  std::string home_dir = do_get_home_directory ();

  std::size_t len = home_dir.length ();

  if (len > 1 && home_dir == name.substr (0, len)
      && (name.length () == len || sys::file_ops::is_dir_sep (name[len])))
    {
      retval = "~";
      retval.append (name.substr (len));
    }
  else
    retval = name;

  return retval;
}

bool
env::do_absolute_pathname (const std::string& s) const
{
  std::size_t len = s.length ();

  if (len == 0)
    return false;

  if (sys::file_ops::is_dir_sep (s[0]))
    return true;

#if defined (OCTAVE_HAVE_WINDOWS_FILESYSTEM)
  if ((len == 2 && isalpha (s[0]) && s[1] == ':')
      || (len > 2 && isalpha (s[0]) && s[1] == ':'
          && sys::file_ops::is_dir_sep (s[2])))
    return true;
#endif

  return false;
}

bool
env::do_rooted_relative_pathname (const std::string& s) const
{
  std::size_t len = s.length ();

  if (len == 0)
    return false;

  if (len == 1 && s[0] == '.')
    return true;

  if (len > 1 && s[0] == '.' && sys::file_ops::is_dir_sep (s[1]))
    return true;

  if (len == 2 && s[0] == '.' && s[1] == '.')
    return true;

  if (len > 2 && s[0] == '.' && s[1] == '.'
      && sys::file_ops::is_dir_sep (s[2]))
    return true;

  return false;
}

// Return the 'basename' of the pathname in STRING (the stuff after
// the last directory separator).  If STRING is not a full pathname,
// simply return it.

std::string
env::do_base_pathname (const std::string& s) const
{
  if (! (do_absolute_pathname (s) || do_rooted_relative_pathname (s)))
    return s;

  std::size_t pos = s.find_last_of (sys::file_ops::dir_sep_chars ());

  if (pos == std::string::npos)
    return s;
  else
    return s.substr (pos+1);
}

// Turn STRING (a pathname) into an absolute pathname, assuming that
// DOT_PATH contains the symbolic location of the current directory.

std::string
env::do_make_absolute (const std::string& s,
                       const std::string& dot_path) const
{
  if (dot_path.empty () || s.empty () || do_absolute_pathname (s))
    return s;

  // Optimization: every time Octave returns to the prompt it calls
  // make_absolute_filename with '.' as argument.
  if (s == ".")
    return dot_path;

  std::string current_dir = dot_path;

  if (! sys::file_ops::is_dir_sep (current_dir.back ()))
    current_dir.append (sys::file_ops::dir_sep_str ());

  std::size_t i = 0;
  std::size_t slen = s.length ();

  while (i < slen)
    {
      if (s[i] == '.')
        {
          if (i + 1 == slen)
            break;

          if (sys::file_ops::is_dir_sep (s[i+1]))
            {
              i += 2;
              continue;
            }

          if (s[i+1] == '.'
              && (i + 2 == slen
                  || sys::file_ops::is_dir_sep (s[i+2])))
            {
              i += 2;
              if (i != slen)
                i++;

              pathname_backup (current_dir, 1);

              continue;
            }
        }

      std::size_t sep_pos;
      sep_pos = s.find_first_of (sys::file_ops::dir_sep_chars (), i);

      if (sep_pos == std::string::npos)
        {
          current_dir.append (s, i, sep_pos-i);
          break;
        }
      else if (sep_pos == i)
        {
          /* Two separators in a row, skip adding 2nd separator */
          i++;
        }
      else
        {
          current_dir.append (s, i, sep_pos-i+1);
          i = sep_pos + 1;
        }
    }

  // Strip any trailing directory separator
  if (sys::file_ops::is_dir_sep (current_dir.back ()))
    current_dir.pop_back ();

  return current_dir;
}

// Return a string which is the current working directory.

std::string
env::do_getcwd ()
{
  if (! m_follow_symbolic_links)
    m_current_directory = "";

  if (m_verbatim_pwd || m_current_directory.empty ())
    m_current_directory = sys::getcwd ();

  return m_current_directory;
}

// This value is not cached because it can change while Octave is
// running.

std::string
env::do_get_home_directory ()
{
  std::string hd = do_getenv ("HOME");

#if defined (__MINGW32__) || defined (_MSC_VER)
  // Maybe we are started directly from cmd.exe.
  if (hd.empty ())
    {
      std::string drv = do_getenv ("HOMEDRIVE");
      if (drv.empty ())
        hd = do_getenv ("HOMEPATH");
      else
        hd = drv + do_getenv ("HOMEPATH");
    }
#endif

  if (hd.empty ())
    {
      sys::password pw = sys::password::getpwuid (sys::getuid ());

      hd = (pw ? pw.dir () : std::string (sys::file_ops::dir_sep_str ()));
    }

  return hd;
}

std::string
env::do_get_user_name ()
{
  if (m_user_name.empty ())
    {
      sys::password pw = sys::password::getpwuid (sys::getuid ());

      m_user_name = (pw ? pw.name () : "unknown");
    }

  return m_user_name;
}

std::string
env::do_get_host_name ()
{
  if (m_host_name.empty ())
    {
      char hostname[1024];

      int status = octave_gethostname_wrapper (hostname, 1023);

      m_host_name = (status < 0) ? "unknown" : hostname;
    }

  return m_host_name;
}

std::string
env::do_getenv (const std::string& name) const
{
  return getenv_wrapper (name);
}

// Do the work of changing to the directory NEWDIR.
// Handle symbolic link following, etc.

bool
env::do_chdir (const std::string& newdir)
{
  bool retval = false;

  std::string tmp;

  if (m_follow_symbolic_links)
    {
      if (m_current_directory.empty ())
        do_getcwd ();

      if (m_current_directory.empty ())
        tmp = newdir;
      else
        tmp = do_make_absolute (newdir, m_current_directory);

      // Get rid of trailing directory separator.
      if (tmp.length () > 1 && sys::file_ops::is_dir_sep (tmp.back ()))
        tmp.pop_back ();

      if (! sys::chdir (tmp))
        {
          m_current_directory = tmp;
          retval = true;
        }
    }
  else
    retval = (! sys::chdir (newdir));

  return retval;
}

// Remove the last N directories from PATH.

void
env::pathname_backup (std::string& path, int n) const
{
  if (path.empty ())
    return;

  std::size_t i = path.length () - 1;

  while (n--)
    {
      while (sys::file_ops::is_dir_sep (path[i]) && i > 0)
        i--;

#if defined (OCTAVE_HAVE_WINDOWS_FILESYSTEM)
      // Don't strip file letter part.
      if (i == 1 && path[i] == ':')
        {
          // Keep path separator if present.
          i = std::min (i+2, path.length ());
          break;
        }
#endif

      while (! sys::file_ops::is_dir_sep (path[i]) && i > 0)
        i--;

      i++;
    }

  path.resize (i);
}

void
env::error (int err_num) const
{
  (*current_liboctave_error_handler) ("%s", std::strerror (err_num));
}

void
env::error (const std::string& s) const
{
  (*current_liboctave_error_handler) ("%s", s.c_str ());
}

OCTAVE_END_NAMESPACE(sys)
OCTAVE_END_NAMESPACE(octave)
