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<pre>&nbsp;</pre>

<blockquote><i>"I swear by my life and my love of it that I will never
live for the sake of another man, nor ask another man to live for mine"</i>
<p><i>John Galt</i> in <b>Atlas Shrugged</b>, by <i>Ayn Rand</i></blockquote>

<pre>&nbsp;</pre>
<a NAME="contents"></a>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#52799E"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1>Contents</font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<ul>
<li>
<a href="#auth">Author</a></li>

<li>
<a href="#avai">Availability</a></li>

<li>
<a href="#www">WWW</a></li>

<li>
<a href="#mail">Mailing List</a></li>

<li>
<a href="#memo">Memory Requirements</a></li>

<li>
<a href="#unix">UNIX Compilation</a></li>

<li>
<a href="#extr">Delegates</a></li>

<li>
<a href="#howt">How to Compile</a></li>

<li>
<a href="#vmsc">VMS Compilation</a></li>

<li>
<a href="#ntc">Windows NT/95 VISUAL C++ 6.0 COMPILATION</a></li>

<li>
<a href="#macc">Macintosh Compilation</a></li>

<li>
<a href="#anim">Animation</a></li>

<li>
<a href="#imag">16-BIT Imaging</a></li>

<li>
<a href="#mach">64-BIT Machines</a></li>

<li>
<a href="#miff">MIFF Image Format</a></li>

<li>
<a href="#copy">Copyright</a></li>
</ul>

<dl><a NAME="auth"></a>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#52799E"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1>Author</font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
The author is
<a href="mailto:magick@wizards.dupont.com">magick@wizards.dupont.com</a>.
This software is NOT shareware. However, I am interested in who might be
using it. Please consider sending me a picture postcard of the area where
you live. Send postcards to</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; John Cristy
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; P.O. Box 40
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Landenberg, PA&nbsp; 19350
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; USA</pre>

<dd>
I'm also interested in receiving coins or stamps from around the world
for my collection.</dd>
</dl>
<i><a href="#contents">Back to Contents</a></i>
<dl><a NAME="avai"></a>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#52799E"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1>Availability</font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b>, version 5.1.1, is available on <a href="ftp://ftp.wizards.dupont.com/pub/ImageMagick/">ftp.wizards.dupont.com</a>.
ImageMagick client
<a href="ftp://ftp.wizards.dupont.com/pub/ImageMagick/binaries">executables</a>
are available for some platforms.
<a href="ftp://ftp.wizards.dupont.com/pub/ImageMagick/mac">Macintosh</a>,
<a href="ftp://ftp.wizards.dupont.com/pub/ImageMagick/nt">NT</a>,
<a href="ftp://ftp.wizards.dupont.com/pub/ImageMagick/vms">VMS</a>,
and
<a href="ftp://ftp.wizards.dupont.com/pub/ImageMagick/linux">Linux</a>
source and binaries are also available.</dd>

<p><br>I want <b>ImageMagick</b> to be of high quality, so if you encounter
a problem I will investigate. <i>However, be sure you are using the most
recent version from
<a href="ftp://ftp.wizards.dupont.com/pub/ImageMagick/">ftp.wizards.dupont.com</a>,
or a mirror site, before submitting any bug reports or suggestions</i>.
Report any problems via the <a href="http://www.simplesystems.org/ImageMagick/bugs.html">web-based
reporting facility</a>.</dl>
<i><a href="#contents">Back to Contents</a></i>
<br>&nbsp;
<dl><a NAME="www"></a>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#52799E"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1>WWW</font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
The official <b>ImageMagick</b> WWW page is at
<a href="http://www.wizards.dupont.com/cristy/ImageMagick.html">www.wizards.dupont.com</a>.</dd>

<dd>
To use <i><a href="display.html">display</a></i> as your external image
viewer, edit the global <i>mailcap</i> file or your personal mailcap file
<i>.mailcap</i>
(located in your home directory) and put this entry:</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; image/*; display %s</pre>
</dl>

<dl><i><a href="#contents">Back to Contents</a></i>
<br>&nbsp;
<p><a NAME="mail"></a>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#52799E"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1>Mailing
List</font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
There is a mailing list for discussions and bug reports about
<b>ImageMagick</b>.
To subscribe send the message</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; subscribe magick</pre>
to
<a href="mailto:majordomo@wizards.dupont.com">majordomo@wizards.dupont.com</a>.
You will receive a welcome message which tells you how to post messages
to the list
<a href="mailto:magick@wizards.dupont.com">magick@wizards.dupont.com</a>.</dl>
<i><a href="#contents">Back to Contents</a></i>
<br>&nbsp;
<dl><a NAME="memo"></a>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#52799E"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1>Memory
Requirements</font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
You should allocate sufficient swap space on your system before running
ImageMagick; otherwise, you may experience random server or application
crashes. Anything less than 80 megabytes of swap space is likely to cause
random crashes.</dd>

<dd>
On many systems, you will find that 80 megabytes is insufficient and you
will have to allocate more swap space. You should also have at least 32
megabytes of real memory although 64 megabytes or more is recommended.</dd>
</dl>
<i><a href="#contents">Back to Contents</a></i>
<br>&nbsp;
<dl><a NAME="unix"></a>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#52799E"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1>UNIX
Compilation</font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
Type:</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; gzip -dc ImageMagick-5.1.1.tar.gz | tar xvf -
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd ImageMagick-5.1.1</pre>

<dd>
If you do not have <tt>gunzip</tt>, it is available on <a href="ftp://prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/gzip-1.2.4.shar">prep.ai.mit.edu</a>.</dd>

<br>&nbsp;
<p>&nbsp;
<p>There are currently two mechanisms available to create makefiles to
build <b>ImageMagick</b>:
<ul>
<li>
GNU configure:</li>

<p><br>This option is easiest to use and is recommended when ImageMagick
is to be installed outside of the X11 distribution or working imake configuration
files are not available. Use of <tt>configure</tt> enables automated configuration,
building, and installation of
<a href="perl.html">PerlMagick</a>.
<p>If you are willing to accept configure's default options, type:
<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ./configure</pre>
and watch the configure script output to verify that it finds everything
that you think it should. If it does not, then adjust your environment
so that it does.
<p>If you are not happy with configure's choice of compiler, compilation
flags, or libraries, you can give <tt>configure</tt> initial values for
variables by setting them in the environment. Using a Bourne-compatible
shell, you can do that on the command line like this:
<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CC=c89 CFLAGS=-O2 LIBS=-lposix ./configure</pre>
Or on systems that have the <tt>env</tt> program, you can do it like this
<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; env CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/include LDFLAGS=-s ./configure</pre>
The configure variables you should be aware of are:
<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CC&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Name of C compiler (e.g. 'cc -Xa') to use
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CFLAGS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Compiler flags (e.g. '-g -O2') to compile with
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CPPFLAGS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Include paths (-I/somedir) to look for header files
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; LDFLAGS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Library paths (-L/somedir) to look for libraries
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Systems that support the notion of a library
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; run-path may additionally require -R/somedir or
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; '-rpath /somedir' in order to find shared libraries
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; at run time.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; LIBS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Extra libraries (-lsomelib) required to link</pre>
Any variable (e.g. CPPFLAGS or LDFLAGS) which requires a directory path
must specify an absolute path rather than a relative path.
<p>By default, <tt>make install</tt> will install the package's files in
<tt>/usr/local/bin</tt>,
<tt>/usr/local/man</tt>,
etc. You can specify an installation prefix other than <tt>/usr/local</tt>
by giving configure the option <tt>--prefix=PATH</tt>.
<p>Configure can usually find the X include and library files automatically,
but if it doesn't, you can use the configure options <tt>--x-includes=DIR</tt>
and <tt>--x-libraries=DIR</tt> to specify their locations.
<p>The configure script provides a number of ImageMagick specific options.
When disabling an option <i>--disable-something</i> is equivalent to specifying
<i>--enable-something=no</i>
and <i>--without-something</i> is equivalent to <i>--with-something=no</i>.
The configure options are as follows (execute
<tt>configure --help</tt>
to see all options).
<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --enable-shared&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; build shared libraries (default is no)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --enable-static&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; build static libraries (default is yes)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --enable-lzw&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; enable LZW support (default is no)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --enable-16bit-pixel enable 16 bit pixels (default is no)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --enable-socks&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; enable use of SOCKS 5 library and 'rftp'
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --with-perl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; enable build/install of PerlMagick (default is yes)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --with-bzlib&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; enable BZlib (default is yes)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --with-dps&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; enable Display Postscript (default is yes)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --with-fpx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; enable FlashPIX (default is yes)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --with-hdf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; enable HDF (default is yes)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --with-jbig&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; enable JBIG (default is yes)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --with-jpeg&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; enable JPEG (default is yes)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --with-png&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; enable PNG (default is yes)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --with-tiff&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; enable TIFF (default is yes)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --with-ttf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; enable TrueType (default is yes)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --with-zlib&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; enable Zlib (default is yes)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --with-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; use the X Window System</pre>
ImageMagick options represent either features to be enabled or packages
to be included in the build. When a feature is enabled (via <i>--enable-something</i>),
it enables code already present in
<b>ImageMagick</b>. When a package is
enabled (via <i>--with-something</i>), the configure script will search
for it, and if is is properly installed and ready to use (headers and built
libraries are found by compiler) it will be included in the build. The
configure script is delivered with all features disabled and all packages
enabled. In general, the only reason to disable a package is if a package
exists but it is unsuitable for the build (perhaps an old versionor not
compiled with the right compilation flags).
<p>Several configure options require special note:
<ul>
<li>
<tt>--disable-shared</tt>: the shared libraries is not built. Shared libraries
are valuable because they are <i>shared</i> across more than one invocation
of an ImageMagick or PerlMagick client. In addition, the clients take much
less disk space and shared libraries are required in order for PERL to
dynamically load the PerlMagick extension.</li>

<p><br>ImageMagick built with delegates (see
<a href="#extr">Delegates</a>
below) can pose additional challenges. You can build all the delegates
statically and link them into the ImageMagick shared library (i.e. <tt>libMagick.so</tt>)
or alternatively you can build the delegates as shared libraries (some
systems already have delegates installed as shared libraries). Shared libraries
compilation flags differ from vendor to vendor (gcc's is <tt>-fPIC</tt>).
However, you must compile all shared library source with the same flag
(for gcc use <tt>-fPIC</tt> rather than <tt>-fpic</tt>).
<li>
<tt>--disable-static</tt>: static archive libraries (with extension
<tt>.a</tt>)
are not built. If you are building shared libraries, there is little value
to building static libraries. Reasons to build static libraries include:
1) they can be easier to debug; 2) the clients do not have external dependencies
(i.e.
<tt>libMagick.so</tt>); 3) building PIC versions of the delegate
libraries may take additional expertise and effort; 4) you are unable to
build shared libraries.</li>

<li>
<tt>--without-frozenpaths</tt>: By default, the configure script will determine
the location of all delegates (external programs) and incorporate the full
paths within the <tt>delegates.mgk</tt> file. This is the default because
it is assumed that the installer's environment is appropriately configured
and that the operation of ImageMagick should not be subject to the end-user's
environment. However, if it is desireable to allow the end user to define
their own environment or possible that the end user's environment does
not match the installer's environment (e.g. for binary distributions),
<tt>--without-frozenpaths</tt> may be specified so that only the delegate's
name is included in the delegates.mgk file.</li>

<li>
<tt>--without-perl</tt>: By default, PerlMagick is conveniently compiled
and installed in one step. When <tt>--without-perl</tt> is specified, you
must first install ImageMagick, change to the PerlMagick subdirectory,
build, and finally install PerlMagick. Note, PerlMagick is configured even
if <tt>--without-perl</tt> is specified. If
<tt>--enable-shared</tt> is
not specified, a new PERL interpreter (PerlMagick) is built which is statically
linked against the PerlMagick extension. This new interpreter is installed
alongside your existing PERL interpreter. If <tt>--enable-shared</tt> is
specified, the PerlMagick extension is built as a dynamically loadable
object which is loaded into your current PERL interpreter at run-time.
Use of dynamically-loaded extensions is preferable over statically linked
extensions so <tt>--enable-shared</tt> should be specified if possible.
If the argument
<tt>--with-perl=/path/to/perl</tt> is supplied, then <tt>/path/to/perl</tt>
will be taken as the PERL interpreter to use.</li>

<li>
<tt>--without-x</tt>: By default, ImageMagick will use X11 libraries if
they are available. When <tt>--without-x</tt> is specified, use of X11
is disabled. The display, animate, and import programs are not built or
installed. The remaining programs have reduced functionality such as no
access to X11 fonts (consider using Postscript or TrueType fonts instead).</li>
</ul>
<b>Building under Cygwin:</b>
<p>ImageMagick may be built under the Windows NT/'9X Cygwin Unix-emulation
environment which may be downloaded from
<a href="http://sourceware.cygnus.com/cygwin/">Cygnus</a>.
Pre-compiled X11R6.4 libraries for Cygwin are available from
<a href="http://dao.gsfc.nasa.gov/software/grads/win32/X11R6.4/">NASA</a>.
Use the same procedure as for Unix except that building DLLs is not yet
supported so do not specify <tt>--enable-shared</tt> option to configure.
<p><b>Dealing with configuration failures:</b>
<p>While configure is designed to ease installation of ImageMagick, it
often discovers problems that would otherwise be encountered later when
compiling ImageMagick. The configure script tests for headers and libraries
by executing the compiler (CC) with the specified compilation flags (CFLAGS),
pre-processor flags (CPPFLAGS), and linker flags (LDFLAGS). Any errors
are logged to the file <tt>config.log</tt>. If configure fails to discover
a header or library please review this log file to determine why, however,
please be aware that *errors in the config.log are normal* because configure
works by trying something and seeing if it fails. An error in <tt>config.log</tt>
is only a problem if the test should have worked on your system.. After
taking corrective action, be sure to remove the <tt>config.cache</tt> file
before running configure so that configure will re-inspect the environment
rather than using cached values.
<p>Common causes of configure falures are: 1) a delegate header is not
in the header include path (CPPFLAGS -I option); 2) a delegate library
is not in the linker search/run path (LDFLAGS -L/-R option); 3) a delegate
library is missing a function (old version?); 4) compilation environment
is faulty.
<p>If all reasonable corrective actions have been tried and the problem
appears to be due to a flaw in the configure script, please send a bug
report to the configure script maintainer (currently
<a href="mailto:bfriesen@simple.dallas.tx.us">bfriesen@simple.dallas.tx.us</a>).
All bug reports should contain the operating system type (as reported by
<tt>uname -a</tt>) and the compiler/compiler-version. A copy of the configure
script output and/or the <tt>config.log</tt> file may be valuable in order
to find the problem. If you send a <tt>config.log</tt>, please also send
a script of the configure output and a description of what you expected
to see (and why) so the failure you are observing can be identified and
resolved.
<br>&nbsp;
<br>&nbsp;
<li>
X11 Imake:</li>

<p><br>Use this option if working imake configuration files are available,
the package is to be installed where ever imake installs things (usually
the X11 distribution directory), and you don't mind editing a configuration
file. Use of this scheme requires a seperate step to install <b>PerlMagick</b>
(see the README file in the
<b>PerlMagick</b> subdirectory).
<p>Edit <tt>Magick.tmpl</tt> and set the variables to suit your local environment.
Now type:
<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ./confingure
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xmkmf
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make Makefiles</pre>
or just
<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ./confingure
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xmkmf -a</pre>
If you are using X11R6 imake. Here, GNU configure is used to initialize
the <tt>delegates/delegates.mgk</tt> file.
<p>Note, <i>ImageMagick requires an ANSI compiler</i>. If the compile fails,
first check to ensure your compile is ANSI compatible. If it fails for
some other reason, try
<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd magick
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make -k
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd ..
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make -k</pre>
&nbsp;</ul>

<dd>
To confirm your build of the <b>ImageMagick</b> distribution was successful,
type:</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; display</pre>

<dd>
If the program faults make sure that you may have inadvertingly linked
to an older version of the libMagick library. In this case type</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd ImageMagick/magick
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make install
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd ..
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make</pre>
If the image colors are not correct use this command
<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; display -visual default</pre>

<dd>
You can find other example images in the <i>images</i> directory.</dd>

<p><br>For additional information, see the manual pages for these <b>ImageMagick</b>
utilities
<ul>
<dd>
<img SRC="../images/ball.png" ALT="*" > <a href="display.html">display</a></dd>

<dd>
<img SRC="../images/ball.png" ALT="*" > <a href="convert.html">convert</a></dd>

<dd>
<img SRC="../images/ball.png" ALT="*" > <a href="montage.html">montage</a></dd>

<dd>
<img SRC="../images/ball.png" ALT="*" > <a href="identify.html">identify</a></dd>

<dd>
<img SRC="../images/ball.png" ALT="*" > <a href="animate.html">animate</a></dd>

<dd>
<img SRC="../images/ball.png" ALT="*" > <a href="import.html">import</a></dd>

<dd>
<img SRC="../images/ball.png" ALT="*" > <a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a></dd>

<dd>
<img SRC="../images/ball.png" ALT="*" > <a href="combine.html">combine</a></dd>
</ul>

<dd>
Also read the <b>ImageMagick</b> <a href="Magick.html">Frequently Asked
Questions</a> This is a required reading. Most of the questions I get via
electronic mail are answered in this document.</dd>

<dd>
Place <a href="display.html">display</a><b> X application defaults</b>
in
<i>/usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/Display</i>. Use the appropriate name for
other clients (e.g. Animate, Montage, etc). To execute <i><a href="display.html">display</a></i>
from as a menu item of any window manager (olwm, mwm, twm, etc), use</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; display logo:Untitled</pre>
</dl>
<i><a href="#contents">Back to Contents</a></i>
<br>&nbsp;
<dl><a NAME="extr"></a>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#52799E"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1>Delegates</font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
To further enhance the capabilities of <b>ImageMagick</b>, you may want
to get these programs or libraries:</dd>

<dl>&nbsp;
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="65%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#9EBAC6"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1><a href="http://www.meat.com/textures/">Background
Texture</a></font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b> requires a background texture for the <b>TILE</b> format
and for the <b>-texture</b> option of <a href="montage.html">montage</a>.
You can use your own or get samples or get additional samples from
<a href="http://the-tech.mit.edu/KPT/">KPT</a>.</dd>
</dl>

<dl>&nbsp;
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="65%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#9EBAC6"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1><a href="http://sourceware.cygnus.com/bzip2/index.html">BZLIB</a></font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b> requires the <b>BZLIB</b> library to read or write Zip
compressed MIFF images.</dd>
</dl>

<dl>&nbsp;
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="65%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#9EBAC6"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1><a href="http://www.agocg.ac.uk/train/cgm/ralcgm.htm">RALCGM</a></font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b> requires <b>ralcgm</b> to read <b>Computer Graphic Metafile</b>
images (may not compile under linux). You also need Ghostscript (see below).</dd>
</dl>

<dl>&nbsp;
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="65%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#9EBAC6"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1><a href="ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/applications/drawing_tools/transfig">TransFig</a></font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b> requires <b>fig2dev</b> to read <b>TransFig</b> images.</dd>
</dl>

<dl>&nbsp;
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="65%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#9EBAC6"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1><a href="http://www.sn.no/libwww-perl/">GET</a></font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b> requires <b>GET</b> to read images specified with a
World Wide Web (WWW) uniform resource locator (URL). <i>Note: do not confuse
this get program with SCCS get program</i>. If you do not have a <b>HTTP
server</b>, you can use <a href="xtp.html">xtp</a>, available in the <b>ImageMagick</b>
distribution, for URL's whose protocol is
<b>FTP</b>.</dd>
</dl>

<dl>&nbsp;
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="65%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#9EBAC6"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1><a href="http://www.freetype.org">FreeType</a></font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b> requires the FreeType software, version 1.1 or above,
to annotate with TrueType fonts.</dd>
</dl>

<dl>&nbsp;
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="65%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#9EBAC6"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1><a href="ftp://ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu/HDF/HDF/HDF_Current">HDF</a></font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b> requires the <b>NCSA HDF</b> library to read and write
the <b>HDF</b> image format.</dd>
</dl>

<dl>&nbsp;
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="65%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#9EBAC6"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1><a href="http://www.tdb.uu.se/~jan/">HTML2PS</a></font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b> requires <b>html2ps</b> to read <b>HyperText Markup
Language</b> (html) documents.</dd>
</dl>

<dl>&nbsp;
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="65%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#9EBAC6"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1><a href="ftp://ftp.informatik.uni-erlangen.de/pub/doc/ISO/JBIG/">JBIG</a></font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b> requires the <i>JBIG-Kit</i> software to read and write
the <b>JBIG</b> image format.</dd>
</dl>

<dl>&nbsp;
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="65%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#9EBAC6"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1><a href="ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/jpeg/">JPEG</a></font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b> requires the <i>Independent JPEG Group's</i> software
to read and write the JPEG image format.</dd>

<dd>
Apply the
<a href="ftp://ftp.wizards.dupont.com/pub/ImageMagick/delegates/ljpeg-6b.tar.gz">lossless</a>
JPEG patch to <i>Independent JPEG Group's</i> source distribution to read
lossless jpeg-encoded DICOM images:</dd>

<p><br>Concerning iterative JPEG compression: see Kinoshita and Yamamuro,
Journal of Imaging Science and Technology, <i>Image Quality with Reiterative
JPEG Compression</i>, Volume 39, Number 4, July 1995, 306-312 who claim
that (1) the iterative factor of the repetitive JPEG operation had no influence
on image quality, and (2) the first compression determined base image quality.</dl>

<dl>&nbsp;
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="65%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#9EBAC6"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1><a href="ftp://ftp.mpeg.org/pub/mpeg/mssg/">MPEG</a></font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b> requires the MPEG encoder / decoder to read or write
the <b>MPEG</b> image format.</dd>
</dl>

<dl>&nbsp;
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="65%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#9EBAC6"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1><a href="http://www.cdrom.com/pub/png/pngcode.html">PNG</a></font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b> requires the <b>PNG</b> library, version 1.0 or above,
to read the <b>PNG</b> image format.</dd>
</dl>

<dl>&nbsp;
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="65%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#9EBAC6"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1><a href="ftp://ftp.cs.wisc.edu/pub/ghost/aladdin/">Postscript</a></font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b> requires <a href="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/">Ghostscript</a>
software to read the <i>PostScript</i> or the Portable Document format.
It is used to annotate an image when an X server is not available. See
the FreeType library above for another means to annotate an image. Note,
Ghostscript must support the ppmraw device (type gs -h to verify). If Ghostscript
is unavailable, the Display Postscript extension is used to rasterize a
Postscript document (assuming you define HasDPS). The DPS extension is
less robust than Ghostscript in that it will only rasterize one page of
a multi-page document.</dd>
</dl>

<dl>&nbsp;
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="65%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#9EBAC6"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1><a href="http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/HOME.html">RA_PPM</a></font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b> requires <b>ra_ppm</b> from <i>Greg Ward's</i> Radiance
software to read the Radiance image format (may not compile under linux).</dd>
</dl>

<dl>&nbsp;
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="65%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#9EBAC6"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1><a href="ftp://ftp.cs.utah.edu/pub/urt-3.1b.tar.Z">RAWTORLE</a></font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b> requires <b>rawtorle</b> from the <i>Utah Raster Toolkit</i>
to write the RLE image format (may not compile under linux)..</dd>
</dl>

<dl>&nbsp;
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="65%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#9EBAC6"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1><a href="http://www.mostang.com/sane/">SANE</a></font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b> requires <b>scanimage</b> to import images from a scanner
device.</dd>
</dl>

<dl>&nbsp;
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="65%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#9EBAC6"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1><a href="http://www.libtiff.org/">TIFF</a></font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b> requires <i>Sam Leffler's</i> <b>TIFF</b> software to
read and write the <b>TIFF</b> image format. It in turn optionally requires
the JPEG and ZLIB libraries.</dd>
</dl>

<dl>&nbsp;
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="65%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#9EBAC6"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1><a href="http://www.csn.ul.ie/~caolan/docs/libwmf.html">WMF</a></font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b> requires <b>wmftopng</b> to read <b>Windows Meta File</b>
images.</dd>
</dl>

<dl>&nbsp;
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="65%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#9EBAC6"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1><a href="http://www.microimages.com/freestuf/mix//">X
Server</a></font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b> requires an X server for display and animate to work
properly. This free X server is available for Windows and Macintosh.</dd>
</dl>

<dl>&nbsp;
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="65%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#9EBAC6"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1><a href="http://www.cdrom.com/pub/infozip/zlib/index.html">ZLIB</a></font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>ImageMagick</b> requires the <b>ZLIB</b> library to read or write <b>PNG</b>
or ZLIB compressed MIFF images.</dd>
</dl>
</dl>

<dl><i><a href="#contents">Back to Contents</a></i>
<br>&nbsp;
<p><a NAME="howt"></a>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#52799E"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1>How
to Compile</font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
The following procedure describes how to build ImageMagick extension libraries
in subdirectories of the ImageMagick directory. An alternative to these
procedures is to install one or more of these under your system's regular
include/lib directory (e.g. the directory specified by <tt>--prefix</tt>
to configure or <tt>/usr/local</tt>). This allows the libraries to be shared
by other packages. When using the configure script, the two schemes may
be mixed. Also, please note that when the configure option <tt>--enable-shared</tt>
is not disabled, these procedures must be supplemented with whatever compilation
flags are required on your system to generate PIC code. In the case of
gcc, this usually means that <tt>-fPIC</tt> must be added to the compiler
options (i.e. CFLAGS) when building each delegate library.</dd>

<dd>
To display images in the <b>HDF, JPEG, PNG</b>, <b>TIFF</b> or
<b>TTF</b>
format, get the respective archives and build <b>ImageMagick</b> as follows:</dd>

<dl>
<dt>
HDF</dt>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd ImageMagick
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; gunzip -c HDF4.1r3.tar.gz | tar xvf -
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mv HDF4.1r3 hdf
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd hdf
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; configure
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make -k hdf-libnofortran
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd ..</pre>
</dl>

<dl>
<dt>
JBIG</dt>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd ImageMagick
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; gunzip -c jbigkit-1.1.tar.gz | tar xvof -
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mv jbig-kit jbig
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd jbig
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd ..</pre>
</dl>

<dl>
<dt>
JPEG</dt>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd ImageMagick
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; gunzip -c jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz | tar xvof -
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mv jpeg-6b jpeg
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd jpeg
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; configure
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd ..</pre>
</dl>

<dl>
<dt>
PNG</dt>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd ImageMagick
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; gunzip -c libpng-1.0.3.tar.gz | tar xvf -
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mv libpng-1.0.3 png
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd png
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd ..</pre>
</dl>

<dl>
<dt>
TIFF</dt>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd ImageMagick
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; gunzip -c tiff-v3.5.4.tar.gz | tar xvof -
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mv tiff-v3.5.4 tiff
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd tiff
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ./configure
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd ..</pre>
</dl>

<dl>
<dt>
TTF</dt>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd ImageMagick
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; gunzip -c freetype-1.3.1.tar.gz | tar xvof -
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mv freetype-1.3.1 ttf
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd ttf
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ./configure -disable-shared
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd ..</pre>
</dl>

<dl>
<dt>
ZLIB</dt>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd ImageMagick
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; gunzip -c zlib-1.1.3.tar.gz | tar xvf -
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mv zlib-1.1.3.tar.gz zlib
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd zlib
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd ..</pre>
</dl>

<dd>
If your computer system supports shared libraries you must type</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make install</pre>

<dd>
Finally, perform the following:</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cd ImageMagick
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>edit Magick.tmpl and define Has???? as instructed
</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xmkmf
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make Makefiles
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make clean
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make</pre>

<dd>
If prefer to use <tt>configure</tt> rather than Imake:</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; configure
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make clean
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make -k</pre>

<dd>
If the compile fails due to a function redefinition it may be that either
<tt>jpeg/jconfig.h</tt>
or <tt>mpeg/mpeg.h</tt> is redefining
<tt>const</tt>. Fix this problem
and try again.</dd>

<dd>
You can now convert or display images in the JPEG, TIFF, PNG, etc. image
formats.</dd>

<dd>
If you have <b>HDF, JBIG, JPEG, PNG,</b> and <b>TIFF</b> sources installed
as directed above, you can also type</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Install sun</pre>

<dd>
Substitute the appropriate machine type (<i>aix, hpux, sgi</i>, etc).</dd>
</dl>

<dl><i><a href="#contents">Back to Contents</a></i>
<br>&nbsp;
<p><a NAME="vmsc"></a>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#52799E"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1>VMS
Compilation</font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
You might want to check the values of certain program definitions before
compiling. Verify the definitions in <tt>delegates.mgk</tt> to suit your
local requirements. Next, type:</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unzip ImageMagick-5.1.1.zip
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; set default [.imagemagick]
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; @make
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; set display/create/node=node_name::</pre>

<dd>
where node_name is the <b>DECNET</b> X server to contact.</dd>

<br>Finally type:
<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; display</pre>

<dd>
Alternatively, get a zipped distribution (with <b>JPEG, PNG, TIFF,</b>
and
<b>TTF</b>) from <a href="ftp://ftp.wizards.dupont.com/pub/ImageMagick/vms/">ftp.wizards.dupont.com</a>.</dd>

<dd>
The VMS <b>JPEG, PNG, TIFF,</b> and <b>TTF</b> source libraries are available
on <i>axp.psl.ku.dk</i> in [<i>anonymous.decwindows.lib</i>].</dd>

<dd>
Thanks to <a href="mailto:pmoreau@cenaath.cena.dgac.fr">pmoreau@cenaath.cena.dgac.fr</a>
for supplying invaluable help as well as the VMS versions of the <b>JPEG,
PNG, TIFF,</b> and <b>TTF</b> libraries.</dd>
</dl>

<dl><i><a href="#contents">Back to Contents</a></i>
<br>&nbsp;
<p><a NAME="ntc"></a>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#52799E"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1>Windows
NT/95 Visual C++ 6.0 Compilation</font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
The Visual C++ distribution targeted at Windows The <a href="ftp://ftp.wizards.dupont.com/pub/ImageMagick/nt">NT</a>
is provided in the <tt>VisualMagick</tt> subdirectory of the distribution.
There are two workspaces (DSW files) that can be used to do the complete
build:</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VisualMagick.dsw : The one used to build everything as DLL's
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VisualMagickStatic.dsw: The one used to build everything as
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; static standalone executable</pre>

<dd>
A complete build can be accomplished by simply doing:</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Build: Batch Build: Clean
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Build: Batch Build: Build</pre>

<dd>
The <tt>Clean</tt> step is needed in order to make sure that all of the
target support libraries are updated with any patches needed to get them
to compile properly on Windows.</dd>

<dd>
All of the required files that are needed to run any of the command line
tools will be found in the "bin" subdirectory of the VisualMagick subdirectory.
This includes EXE, and DLL files. You should be able to test the build
directly from this directory without having to move anything to any of
the global SYSTEM or SYSTEM32 areas in the operating system installation.</dd>

<dd>
NOTE: The two utilities <a href="display.html">display</a> and
<a href="animate.html">animate</a>
will compile and link but not function in the default build environment.
This is due to the fact that the default build environment uses the X11
stubs to supply non-functional stubs for X-Window functionality. This is
due to the lack of a high need for this on a Windows NT or Win95 only system.
Work is underway to add X11 libraries to the standard distribution in the
neat future.</dd>

<dd>
To view any image in a Microsoft window, type</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; convert image.ext win:</pre>

<dd>
<a href="import.html">Import</a> works if you have at least one X window
open. Alternatively, type</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; convert x:root image.png</pre>

<dd>
Make sure <tt>gswin32</tt> (Ghostscript) is in your execution path (see
<tt>Autoexec.bat</tt>),
otherwise, you will be unable to convert or view a Postscript document.</dd>

<dd>
Make sure <tt>iexplore</tt> (Internet Explorer) is in your execution path
(see <tt>Autoexec.bat</tt>), otherwise, you will be unable to browse the
<b>ImageMagick</b>
documentation.</dd>

<dd>
The NT executables will work under Windows 95/98.</dd>
</dl>
<i><a href="#contents">Back to Contents</a></i>
<br>&nbsp;
<dl><a NAME="macc"></a>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#52799E"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1>Macintosh
Compilation</font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
The <a href="ftp://ftp.wizards.dupont.com/pub/ImageMagick/mac">Macintosh</a>
Macintosh distribution contains MetroWerks Codewarrior Professional projects
for compilation. For those who do not have access to CodeWarrior, the binaries
for the command line utilities are enclosed. I had to comment the inline
intrinsic functions in
<tt>math.h</tt> in order to compile. If you have
a better solution, let me know. <i><a href="display.html">Display</a></i>,
<i><a href="animate.html">animate</a></i>,
and
<i><a href="import.html">import</a></i> currently do not work on the
Macintosh.</dd>

<dd>
I'm looking for a volunteer to get
<i><a href="display.html">Display</a></i>
and
<i><a href="animate.html">animate</a></i> to work on the Macintosh.
I also need a volunteer is needed to write a simple Mac program to call
the
<i>libMagick</i> routines and display an image in a window.</dd>
</dl>
<i><a href="#contents">Back to Contents</a></i>
<br>&nbsp;
<dl><a NAME="anim"></a>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#52799E"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1>Animation</font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
To prevent color flashing on visuals that have colormaps, animate(1) creates
a single colormap from the image sequence. This can be rather time consuming.
You can speed this operation up by reducing the colors in the image before
you
<b>animate</b> them. Use
<a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a> to color
reduce the images:</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mogrify +map -colors 256 scenes/dna.[0-9]*</pre>
Alternatively, you can use a <i>Standard Colormap</i>; or a <i>static</i>,
<i>direct</i>,
or <i>true color visual</i>. You can define a <i>Standard Colormap</i>
with <i>xstdcmap</i>(1). For example, to use the "best" <i>Standard Colormap</i>,
type:
<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xstdcmap -best
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; animate -map best scenes/dna.[0-9]*</pre>

<dd>
or to use a true color visual:</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; animate -visual truecolor scenes/dna.[0-9]*</pre>

<dd>
Image filenames can appear in any order on the command line if the scene
keyword is specified in the <b>MIFF</b> image. Otherwise the images display
in the order they appear on the command line. A scene is specified when
converting from another image format to <b>MIFF</b> by using the "scene"
option with any filter. Be sure to choose a scene number other than zero.
For example, to convert a <b>TIFF</b> image to a <b>MIFF</b> image as scene
#2, type:</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; convert -scene 2 image.tiff image.miff</pre>
</dl>

<dl><i><a href="#contents">Back to Contents</a></i>
<br>&nbsp;
<p><a NAME="imag"></a>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#52799E"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1>16-BIT
Imaging</font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
By default, ImageMagick uses a color depth of 8 bits (e.g. [0..255] for
each of red, green, blue, and transparency components). Any 16-bit image
is scaled immediately to 8-bits before any image viewing or processing
occurs. If you want to work directly with 16-bit images (e.g. [0..100535]),
edit
<tt>Magick.tmpl</tt> and define <tt>QuantumLeap</tt> or use
<tt>-enable-16bit</tt>
with configure. Next, type:</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make clean
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make</pre>
In 16-bit mode expect to use about 33% more memory on the average. Also
expect some processing to be slower than in 8-bit mode (e.g. Oil Painting,
Segment, etc).
<p>In general, 16-bit mode is only useful if you have 16-bit images that
you want to manipulate and save the transformed image back to a 16-bit
image format (e.g. <b>PNG</b>, <b>VIFF</b>).</dl>

<dl><i><a href="#contents">Back to Contents</a></i>
<br>&nbsp;
<p><a NAME="mach"></a>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#52799E"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1>64-BIT
Machines</font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
Each pixel, within <b>ImageMagick</b>, is represented by the
<tt>PixelPacket</tt>
structure found in <tt>magick/image.h</tt>. Only 8 bits are required for
each color component and 16 bits for the colormap index for a total of
6 bytes. If <tt>QuantumLeap</tt> is defined (see 16-BIT IMAGING above),
the color component size increases to 16 bits for a total of 10 bytes.
Some 64-bit machines pad the structure which can cause a significant waste
of memory. For the cray, change the
<tt>PixelPacket</tt> structure to this</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; typedef struct _PixelPacket
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned char
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; red : QuantumDepth,
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; green : QuantumDepth,
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; blue : QuantumDepth,
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; opacity : QuantumDepth;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; index : 16;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; } PixelPacket;</pre>
before compiling.
<p>I'm not sure if this will work on other 64-bit machines that pad. If
you know a better solution, please send me E-mail. Note, that the Dec Alpha
apparently does not pad the structure so ImageMagick should be fine on
this particular 64-bit machine.</dl>

<dl><i><a href="#contents">Back to Contents</a></i>
<br>&nbsp;
<p><a NAME="miff"></a>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#52799E"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1>MIFF
Image Format</font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<a href="miff.html">MIFF</a> is an image format which I developed. I like
it because</dd>

<ol>
<li>
It is machine independent. It can be read on virtually any computer. No
byte swapping is necessary.</li>

<li>
It has a text header. Most image formats are coded in binary and you cannot
easily tell attributes about the image. Use more(1) on <b>MIFF</b> image
files and the attributes are displayed in text form.</li>

<li>
It can handle runlength-encoded images. Although most scanned images do
not benefit from runlength-encoding, most computer-generated images do.
Images of mostly uniform colors have a high compression ratio and therefore
take up less memory and disk space.</li>

<li>
It allows a scene number to be specified. This allows you to specify an
animation sequence out-of-order on the command line. The correct order
is determined by the scene number of each image.</li>

<li>
<b>MIFF</b> computes a digital signature for images. This is useful for
comparing images. If two image files have the same signature, they are
identical images.</li>

<li>
There is a <b>montage</b> keyword allowing an image to act as a visual
image directory. See display(1) for more details.</li>
</ol>

<dd>
One way to get an image into <b>MIFF</b> format is to use
<a href="convert.html">convert</a>
or read it from an X window using the <a href="import.html">import</a>
program. Alternatively, type the necessary header information in a file
with a text editor. Next, dump the binary bytes into another file. Finally,
type</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cat header binary_image | display -write image.miff -</pre>

<dd>
For example, suppose you have a raw red, green, blue image file on disk
that is 640 by 480. The header file would look like this:</dd>

<pre>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; id=ImageMagick columns=640 rows=480 :</pre>

<dd>
The image file would have red, green, blue tuples (rgbrgbrgb...). Refer
to the
<a href="display.html">display</a> manual page for more details.</dd>
</dl>

<dl><i><a href="#contents">Back to Contents</a></i>
<br>&nbsp;
<p><a NAME="copy"></a>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" >
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#52799E"><img SRC="../images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font color="#FFFFFF"><font size=+1>Copyright</font></font></font></b></td>
</tr>
</table>

<dd>
<b>Copyright (C) 2000 ImageMagick Studio</b></dd>

<dd>
<b>Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
a copy of this software and associated documentation files ("ImageMagick"),
to deal in ImageMagick without restriction, including without limitation
the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
and/or sell copies of ImageMagick, and to permit persons to whom the ImageMagick
is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:</b></dd>

<dd>
<b>The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
in all copies or substantial portions of ImageMagick.</b></dd>

<dd>
<b>The software is provided "as is", without warranty of any kind, express
or implied, including but not limited to the warranties of merchantability,
fitness for a particular purpose and noninfringement.In no event shall
ImageMagick Studio be liable for any claim, damages or other liability,
whether in an action of contract, tort or otherwise, arising from, out
of or in connection with ImageMagick or the use or other dealings in ImageMagick.</b></dd>

<dd>
<b>Except as contained in this notice, the name of the E. I. du Pont de
Nemours and Company shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote
the sale, use or other dealings in ImageMagick without prior written authorization
from the ImageMagick Studio.</b></dd>
</dl>

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Image manipulation software that works like magic.</font>
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