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<h1>Python/C API Reference Manual</h1>
<p><b><font size='+2'>Guido van Rossum</font></b></p>
<p>
	Corporation for National Research Initiatives (CNRI) 
<BR>
1895 Preston White Drive, Reston, Va 20191, USA 
<BR>
E-mail: <span class=email>guido@CNRI.Reston.Va.US</span>, <span class=email>guido@python.org</span>
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<p><strong>April 30, 1999</strong><br><strong>Release 1.5.2</strong></p>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html7"
 HREF="front.html">Front Matter</A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html8"
 HREF="contents.html">Contents</A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html9"
 HREF="intro.html">1. Introduction </A>
<UL>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html10"
 HREF="includes.html">1.1 Include Files </A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html11"
 HREF="objects.html">1.2 Objects, Types and Reference Counts </A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html12"
 HREF="exceptions.html">1.3 Exceptions </A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html13"
 HREF="embedding.html">1.4 Embedding Python </A>
</UL>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html14"
 HREF="veryhigh.html">2. The Very High Level Layer </A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html15"
 HREF="countingRefs.html">3. Reference Counting </A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html16"
 HREF="exceptionHandling.html">4. Exception Handling </A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html17"
 HREF="standardExceptions.html">4.1 Standard Exceptions </A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html18"
 HREF="utilities.html">5. Utilities </A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html19"
 HREF="os.html">5.1 OS Utilities </A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html20"
 HREF="processControl.html">5.2 Process Control </A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html21"
 HREF="importing.html">5.3 Importing Modules </A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html22"
 HREF="abstract.html">6. Abstract Objects Layer </A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html23"
 HREF="object.html">6.1 Object Protocol </A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html24"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html25"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html26"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html27"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html28"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html29"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html30"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html31"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html32"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html33"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html34"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html35"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html36"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html37"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html38"
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