% arabdoc6.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\section {Transliteration}
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\subsection {ZDMG transliteration style}
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In addition to the arabic writing,
the standard scientific transliteration may also be obtained
from a fully vowelized input text.
This mode is activated by \verb"\transtrue"
and may be switched off again by \verb"\transfalse".
If {\em only\/} the transliteration is wanted,
you can deactivate the arabic writing by \verb"\arabfalse";
it can be reactivated by \verb"\arabtrue".
If both modes are active their output will be interleaved line by line.
                                                  \index{transliteration}
                                                  \index{transliteration!ZDMG}
                                                  \index{\transtrue}
                                                  \index{\transfalse}
                                                  \index{\arabtrue}
                                                  \index{\arabfalse}

The transliteration mode assumes that the input text is
in the Arabic or Persian language
and has been coded according to the rules given above.
For words from other languages the transliteration might be in error.
For Arabic text, the following special cases are handled:

\begin{itemize}
\item after the definite article, a double consonant will be assimilated;
                                                  \index{al-}
                                                  \index{definite article}
                                                  \index{assimilation}
\item an initial vowel will be replaced by an apostrophe
  whenever the preceding word ended with a vowel
  (in this case a \wasla\ appears in the Arabic writing).
  If that is not wanted, start with \hamza.
                                                  \index{.\wasla}
\item a silent \alif\ or \alif\ \maqsura\
  after <N> (\tanween) and~<U> is
  omitted in the transliteration.
  The same happens after \waw\ if it is written as a capital~<W>.
                                                  \index{silent \alif}
                                                  \index{.\alif!silent}
                                                  \index{.\tanween}
                                                  \index{N}
                                                  \index{U}
                                                  \index{W}
\item To correctly reproduce some historical writings,
  a silent long vowel after <_a> is omitted in the transliteration.
  For examples, see the Appendix.
\end{itemize}

For economy of space,
the transliteration module is {\em not\/} loaded by default.
If you want to use it, add the style option {\tt "atrans"} with \LaTeX;
and with Plain \TeX, say \verb"\input atrans.sty"
after loading \ArabTeX.
                                                  \index{option!atrans}
                                                  \index{\input atrans.sty}

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\subsection {Encyclopedia of Islam style}
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For special purposes, the standard transliteration output may be
modified by including the \LaTeX\ option \verb+"etrans"+,
or by loading the file \verb+"etrans.sty"+ when working with Plain \TeX.
After this modification, the transliteration will follow the style
of the Encyclopedia of Islam.
                                                  \index{transliteration!Encyclopedia of Islam}
                                                  \index{option!etrans}
                                                  \index{\input etrans.sty}

\endinput
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